{:en}Bali is one of the tourist destinations in Indonesia with highest number of international tourists. So, there is always a possibility that there are tourists bringing in the HIV-1 virus and transmitting it to the local community.
Based on data from the Ministry of Health, Bali is the fourth highest area of HIV-1 in Indonesia. However, there is no data related to the sub-type of HIV-1 virus and the level of virus resistance until the HIV-1 / AIDS UNAIR Institute of Tropical Disease (ITD) research team decided to study it.
Siti Qamariyah Khairunisa, S.Si., M.Si, a member of the HIV-1 / AIDS research team explained that the result of the study showed major resistance rates in HIV-1 sufferers in Bali was less than 5%. So, it can be concluded that the therapy given by the medical team to sufferers is still effective.
“Research in Bali showed almost no resistance,” said the woman known as Ria.
Meanwhile, interesting result of research was found related to the HIV-1 virus subtype in Bali. Although it is visited by many tourists from various countries, the results of the study showed almost no diversity in the types of HIV-1 virus subtypes in the region.
The HIV-1 virus subtype in Bali was dominated by CRF01_AE at 94.5% and then the CRF01_AE combination with subtype B was 5.5%.
“The CRF01_AE subtype itself is also a subtype mostly found in Indonesia and ASEAN,” she continued.
Previously, research samples were taken in two regions in Bali, Gianyar and Denpasar, Bali. In the future, more samples in other regions in Bali is expected to be collected and further research is expected to reconfirm whether there is diversity in the HIV-1 virus subtypes in Bali as Bali is a tourist destination visited by many tourists from various countries in the world.
Author: Galuh Mega Kurnia Source : news.unair.ac.id
Reference: Khairunisa, SQ et al., 2018. Genotypic characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolated in Bali, Indonesia in 2016. HIV & AIDS Review, 17 (2), pp. 65-74.
Link : https://doi.org/10.1089/AID.2018.0040
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29589465{:}{:id}Bali merupakan salah satu destinasi wisata dengan jumlah turis asing terbanyak di Indonesia. Sehingga tidak menutup kemungkinan bahwa terdapat pelancong yang membawa masuk virus HIV-1 dan menularkannya pada masyarakat lokal.
Berdasarkan data dari Kementerian Kesehatan, Bali merupakan daerah dengan kasus HIV-1 tertinggi ke empat di Indonesia. Namun, belum ada data terkait sub tipe virus HIV-1 dan angka resistensi virus yang ada disana sampai akhirnya tim peneliti HIV-1/AIDS, Institute of Tropical Disease (ITD) UNAIR memutuskan untuk melakukan penelitian terkait hal tersebut.
Siti Qamariyah Khairunisa, S.Si., M.Si, salah satu anggota tim peneliti HIV-1/AIDS menjelaskan bahwa hasil dari penelitian terkait angka resistensi mayor pada penderita HIV-1 di daerah Bali kurang dari 5%. Sehingga, dapat disimpulkan bahwa terapi yang diberikan oleh tim medis kepada penderita saat ini masih efektif.
“Penelitian di Bali menunjukkan bahwa daerah tersebut hampir tidak ada resistensi,” ucap wanita yang akrab disapa Ria tersebut.
Sementara itu, informasi yang menarik terdapat pada hasil penelitian terkait subtype virus HIV-1 di Bali. Meskipun banyak dikunjungi oleh turis asing dari berbagai negara, hasil penelitian menunjukkan hampir tidak ditemukan keragaman dalam jenis subtype virus HIV-1 di daerah tersebut.
Subtype virus HIV-1 di Bali didominasi oleh CRF01_AE yaitu sebanyak 94.5%. Baru kemudian kombinasi CRF01_AE dengan subtype B sebanyak 5.5%.
“Subtype CRF01_AE itu sendiri juga merupakan subtype yang mendominasi Indonesia dan ASEAN,” lanjutnya.
Sebelumnya, pengambilan sampel penelitian dilakukan pada dua daerah di Bali. Yaitu Gianyar dan Denpasar, Bali. Kedepannya, diharapkan dapat dilakukan pengambilan sampel pada banyak derah di Bali. Sehingga diharapkan hasil penelitian selanjutnya dapat mengkonfirmasi ulang apakah ada keberagaman subtype virus HIV-1 di Bali atau tidak. Mengingat Bali merupakan daerah pariwisata yang banyak didatangi turis dari berbagai negara di dunia.
Penulis : Galuh Mega Kurnia Sumber : news.unair.ac.id
Referensi : Khairunisa, S. Q. et al., 2018. Genotypic characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolated in Bali, Indonesia in 2016. HIV & AIDS Review, 17(2), pp. 65-74.