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{:en} 21 April 2021, In the framework of Kartini Day, the Institute of Tropical Diseases recommends all staff and leaders to wear Indonesian traditional clothing. Not only that, it will be contested to be selected by the best women and men according to the jury. With the use of traditional clothing, he hopes that it can increase the motivation for the struggle to work to bring change for the better for this country as well as the heroes who struggle to bring about the best change for the motherland. One of them is Mrs. Raden Ayu Kartini, who is synonymous with the slogan “after dark, light rises”. Women’s traditional dress competition 1. Aldise mareta, 2. Mariana Novita J, 3. Yulyasri Yanagi, Meanwhile, Krisnoadi Rahardjo won the first prize, 2. Zakaria Pamoengkas, and 3. Abdul Hadi Furqoni. The prize was given directly by the head of the tropical disease institute represented by Prof. Fedik Abdul Rantam., DVM. {:}{:id}21 April 2021, Dalam rangka hari kartini, Lembaga Penyakit Tropis menganjurkan seluruh jajaran staf dan pimpinan untuk menggunakan pakaian adat indonesia. Tidak hanya itu, hal tersebut akan dilombakan untuk dipilih wanita dan pria yang terbaik menurut tim juri. Dengan penggunaan pakaian adat, harapannya bisa meningkatkan motivasi perjuangan dalam bekerja untuk membawa perubahan lebih baik untuk negeri ini seperti halnya para pahlawan yang berjuang untuk membawa perubahan yang terbaik untuk ibu pertiwi. Salah satunya adalah Ibu Raden Ayu Kartini yang identik dengan slogannya “habis gelap, terbitlah terang”. Perlombaan pakaian adat dari wanita juara 1. Aldise mareta, 2. Mariana Novita J, 3. Yulyasri Yanagi, Sedangkan pria untuk juara pertama dimenangkan oleh Krisnoadi Rahardjo, 2. Zakaria Pamoengkas, dan 3. Abdul Hadi Furqoni. Hadiah langsung diberikan oleh pimpinan lembaga penyakit tropis yang diwakili oleh Prof. Fedik Abdul Rantam., DVM.{:}

{:en}Tuesday, April 13, 2021, PT Avia Avian’s leadership and staff visited the Institute of Tropical Diseases. This visit was welcomed by the university, represented by the vice-chancellor I Prof. Dr. Dra. Ni Nyoman Tri Puspaningsih, M.Si, Chairman of the Cooperation and Development Management Agency Dr. Drs. Eko Supeno, M.Si, Chairman of the Institute for Life Sciences, Engineering, and Engineering Andi Hamim Zaidan, M.Si, Ph.D. and also Prof. Maria Inge Lusida., M.Kes., Sp.MK (K), Ph.D. as Chair of the Institute of Tropical Diseases who was joined by the Covid-19 Research Team. This visit is a form of a prefix to introducing oneself and signing the cooperation which can later produce benefits both institutionally and nationally. After the signing, the PT Avia Avian team conducted direct cross-checks regarding the laboratory activities directly.{:}{:id}Selasa, 13 April 2021, Jajaran Pimpinan dan Staf PT Avia Avian berkunjung ke Lembaga Penyakit Tropis. Kunjungan ini disambut baik oleh pihak universitas yang diwakili oleh wakil rektor 1 Prof. Dr. Dra. Ni Nyoman Tri Puspaningsih,. M.Si, Ketua Badan Kerjasama dan Manajemen Pengembangan Dr. Drs.Eko supeno,. M.Si, Ketua Lembaga Ilmu Hayati, Teknik dan Rekayasa Andi Hamim Zaidan, M.Si, Ph.D dan juga Prof. Maria Inge Lusida.,M.Kes., Sp.MK(K), Ph.D selaku Ketua Lembaga Penyakit Tropis yang di ikuti Tim Peneliti Covid-19. Kunjungan ini merupakan salah satu bentuk awalan saling mengenalkan diri dan melakukan penanda tanganan kerja sama yang nantinya dapat menghasilkan kebermanfaatan baik secara institusi maupun nasional. Setelah penanda tanganan, tim PT Avia Avian melakukan kroscek langsung terkait aktivitas laboratorium secara langsung.{:}

{:en}Imidazole compound derivatives are known to have several biological activities, such as antibacterial, anti-fungal, anticancer, and antiviral. On the other hand, 2,4,5-triphenyl-1H-imidazole is a very important compound in chemical organometallics, some of which can bind into DNA. This is an important factor for antibiotic exploration. Imidazole antibiotics are drugs that have been frequently used in human and veterinary medicine. Imidazole 2-aldoximes is one of the imidazole compounds reported by Skocibušic (2018) to have activity against Escherichia coli with an inhibition zone from 12.4 ± 0.71 to 21.8 ± 0.9 mm. In addition, the importance of metal ions in the vital functions of living organisms, from mammals to bacteria, is well known. They are incorporated into the enzymes and co-factors needed for many kinds of life processes. Copper is the basic component for various forms of organic compounds, found in various enzymes, cytochrome C oxidase, superoxide containing Cu-Zn dismutase enzyme, and the central metal in the oxygen-carrying hemocyanin pigment. In general, the synthesized complex compounds have higher biological activity than free ligands or organic compounds. Metal complexes excessively aggravate the respiratory process of cells and increase protein fusion, limiting the development of their cultures. In this study, the azomethine (-C = N-) relationship in the synthesized complex exhibits broad natural action due to the expansion of the liposolubility molecules of microorganisms across the cell membrane. Copper complexes have become an important focus in efforts to explore biological activity because many biological processes involve metal ions. Recently, copper (II) complex compounds with 2,4,5-triphenyl-1H-imidazole were reported in previous studies to have biological activity such as breast cancer, cervical cancer, and serotype 2 dengue virus. antibacterial activity by in vitro methods, especially for non-pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli. Because in previous studies the inhibitory effect on uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) was less sensitive to nitric oxide than non-pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli. Copper (II) -2,4,5-triphenyl-1H-imidazole and CuCl2.2H2O were tested for anti-Escherichia coli activity by McFarland standards. This study used the disk diffusion method with various concentrations, 50 mg / ml, 75 mg / ml, 125 mg / ml, 250 mg / ml, and 500 mg / ml. The results of the investigation were compared with Dimethylformamide as negative control and expressed in mm. Based on the growth inhibition zone of Escherichia coli in this study, when the concentration of the compound increases, the inhibition zone will also increase. In general, CuCl2.2H2O showed a better inhibitory effect than copper (II) -2,4,5-triphenyl-1H-imidazole complexes which inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli in the range of 10.57-27.16 mm. In previous studies, the CuCl2.2H2O cytotoxicity value in Vero cells was 5.03 µg / ml and the copper (II) -2,4,5-triphenyl-1H-imidazole complex was 44.74 µg / ml. Free metals have a greater polarization than complex compounds because they contain more electrons and free metals produce more water-soluble ions. This causes CuCl2.2H2O to be more toxic because there are more free metal ions in the medium, so that it damages the cell wall faster than the copper (II) -2,4,5-triphenyl-1H-imidazole complex compound which has high stability. Author : Teguh Hari Sucipto, Wahyu Setyarini, Fahimah Martak, Dadik Raharjo Source : news.unair.ac.id Translator : Ausie{:}{:id}Turunan senyawa Imidazol diketahui memiliki beberapa aktivitas biologis, seperti antibakteri, antijamur,antikanker,dan antivirus. Di sisi lain, 2,4,5-trifenil-1H-imidazol adalah senyawa yang sangat penting dalam organologam kimia, yang beberapa kompleksnya dapat berikatan dengan DNA. Hal ini adalah factor penting untuk eksplorasi antibiotik. Antibiotik Imidazole adalah obat yang telah sering digunakan dalam pengobatan manusia dan hewan. Imidazol 2-aldoximes adalah salah satu turunan senyawa imidazol yang telah dilaporkan oleh Skocibušic (2018) mempunyai aktivitas terhadap Escherichia coli dengan zona penghambatan dari 12,4 ± 0,71 sampai 21,8 ± 0,9 mm. Selain itu, pentingnya ion logam dalam fungsi vital organisme makhluk hidup, dari mamalia hingga bakteri, telah dikenal luas. Mereka dimasukkan ke dalam enzim dan kofaktor yang dibutuhkan untuk berbagai jenis proses kehidupan. Tembaga adalah komponen dasar untuk berbagai bentuk senyawa organik, ditemukan dalam bermacam-macam enzim, oksidase sitokrom C, superoksida yang mengandung Cu-Zn enzim dismutase, dan logam pusat di dalam pigmen hemosianin pembawa oksigen. Secara umum, senyawa kompleks hasil sintesis memiliki aktivitas biologis yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan ligan bebas atau senyawa organiknya. Logam kompleks secara berlebihan memperburuk proses pernapasan sel dan meningkatkan fusi protein, serta membatasi perkembangan biakannya. Dalam studi ini, hubungan azomethine (-C=N-) di dalam kompleks yang disintesis menampilkan aksi alami yang luas karena perluasan molekul liposolubilitas mikroorganisme melintasi membran sel. Kompleks tembaga telah menjadi fokus penting dalam upaya eksplorasi aktivitas biologis karena banyak proses biologis melibatkan ion logam. Baru-baru ini, senyawa kompleks tembaga (II) dengan 2,4,5-trifenil-1H-imidazol dilaporkan pada penelitian sebelumnya memiliki aktivitas biologis seperti kanker payudara, kanker servik, dan virus dengue serotipe 2. Namun, dalam penelitian ini terfokus pada aktivitas antibakteri dengan metode in vitro, terutama untuk strain Escherichia coli non-patogenik. Karena pada penelitian sebelumnya efek penghambatan pada uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) kurang sensitif terhadap oksida nitrat dibandingkan strain non-patogen Escherichia coli. Tembaga(II)-2,4,5-trifenyl-1H-imidazol dan CuCl2.2H2O diuji untuk aktivitas anti-Escherichia coli dengan standar McFarland. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode difusi disk dengan variasi konsentrasi, 50 mg/ml, 75 mg/ml, 125 mg/ml, 250 mg/ml, dan 500 mg/ml. Hasil investigasi dibandingkan dengan Dimetilformamida sebagai kontrol negatif dan dinyatakan dalam mm. Berdasarkan zona hambat pertumbuhan Escherichia coli pada penelitian ini, ketika konsentrasi senyawa meningkat, maka zona hambat akan meningkat pula. Secara umum, CuCl2.2H2O menunjukkan efek inhibitor yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan senyawa kompleks tembaga(II)-2,4,5-trifenil-1H-imidazol menghambat pertumbuhan Escherichia coli dengan kisaran 10,57-27,16 mm. Dalam penelitian sebelumnya, nilai sitotoksisitas CuCl2.2H2O pada sel Vero sebesar 5,03 µg/ml dan senyawa kompleks tembaga(II)-2,4,5-trifenil-1H-imidazol sebesar 44,74 µg/ml. Logam bebas memiliki polarisasi yang lebih besar daripada senyawa kompleks karena mengandung lebih banyak elektron dan logam bebas menghasilkan lebih banyak ion yang larut air. Hal ini menyebabkan CuCl2.2H2O menjadi lebih toksik karena ion logam bebas dalam medium lebih banyak, sehingga merusak dinding sel lebih cepat daripada senyawa kompleks tembaga(II)-2,4,5-trifenil-1H-imidazol yang memiliki stabilitas tinggi. Penulis: Teguh Hari Sucipto, Wahyu Setyarini, Fahimah Martak, Dadik Raharjo Sumber : news.unair.ac.id{:}

{:en}The Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic had a significant impact on the health systems around the world. Since it was discovered in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China on December 31, 2019, COVID-19 has spread to 219 countries in the world, and infected 126,890,643 people, and caused 2,778,619 deaths as of March 29, 2021. Indonesia is a country with the highest cases in Southeast Asia, with 1,476,452 cases and 39,893 deaths. Before the COVID-19 pandemic. The World Health Organization has classified several diseases as Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs). There are 20 diseases that are grouped into NTDs, named Chagas disease, dengue, chikungunya, yaws, dracunculiasis, trypanosomiasis, leprosy, onchocerciasis, leishmaniasis, lymphatic filariasis, schistosomiasis, soil-transmitted helminths, trachoma, buruli ulcers, echinococci taeniasis, cutaneous leishmaniasis, mycetoma, chromoblastomycosis, and snake bites. Neglected tropical diseases in Indonesia that controlled by the Ministry of Health are leprosy, filariasis, yaws, soil-transmitted helminths / STHs, and schistosomiasis. Based on the five diseases, there are some challenges and hopes in controlling each of these diseases. The management of leprosy in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia including: 1) co-infection between COVID-19 and leprosy which has been reported in several countries in the world, but has not been reported in Indonesia; 2) increasing bad stigma against patients with leprosy co-infection and COVID-19; 3) access to the health system is still limited due to the priorities for COVID-19 patients; 4) poverty and limited practice of clean and healthy living habits. The Indian Dermatological Association provides several recommendations regarding leprosy management in the pandemic era, which are: 1) advocacy by health workers for leprosy patients to adopt clean and healthy living habits (PHBS); 2) leprosy patients still adhere to the therapeutic rules as recommended; 3) leprosy patients are registered for multi-drug therapy; 4) some patients with leprosy are at risk of being infected with COVID-19, including those who are undergoing treatment with corticosteroids; 5) damage to the nervous system in leprosy patients can lead to the formation of lesions (especially in the eyes, feet, and hands), dry and deformed skin. Filariasis is a group of diseases caused by roundworms / nematodes, of the species Wuchereria bancrofti¸ Brugia malayi, and Brugia timori and transmitted through mosquito bites of the genus Culex. Mosquitoes from the genus Culex are the main vectors, but there are also reports of the transmission of filariasis by mosquitoes from other genera, namely Aedes, Anopheles, and Mansonia. Data from the Indonesian Health Profile in 2019 shows that there are still cases of filariasis, which are as many as 592 new cases. The highest number of cases was found in Papua, followed by the provinces of East Nusa Tenggara, East Java, West Papua, and Aceh. The main method to control filariasis is mass drug administration in communities at risk. When the COVID-19 pandemic, several mass treatment agendas were postponed, so the achievement of the target set by the Global Program to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis was delayed, MDA evaluation studies in Indonesia were also still limited, some community groups at risk were also reluctant to carry out continuous treatment because of discomfort, so that the elimination program has not been maximum. Campaigns related to the use of insecticide-treated bed nets to prevent mosquito bites are also being carried out by health workers in risky areas. Yaws / yaws is a contagious disease caused by Treponema pallidum subspecies pertenue. This bacterial infection can cause damage to the bones and skin. The group that is susceptible to this infection is the age group of 15 years, and mostly found in the age range of 6 to 10 years. There are 18 provinces that report cases of yaws, which are scattered in Papua, Maluku, East Nusa Tenggara, and Sulawesi. The prevalence of yaws in 2019 is 0.9 per 10,000 population. The challenges for yaws control in Indonesia are the lack of surveillance and case tracking, late reporting of cases, and unsustainable surveillance systems. Soil-transmitted helminths are infectious diseases that are still a burden for several countries in the Southeast Asian region. The challenges for controlling STHs in Indonesia are 1) inconsistency in monitoring the control program; 2) expanding the coverage of chemotherapy in risk groups; 3) possible emergence of drug resistance; 4) and weak diagnostic methods. During the COVID-19 pandemic era, there was a possibility of co-infection of STHs patients with COVID-19 so that it required special treatment. Mass treatment for communities at risk also experiences delays, due to disrupted drug distribution. Schistosomiasis is a parasitic infectious disease caused by trematode worms of the genus Schistosoma. There are two types of schistosomiasis; intestinal and urogenital schistosomiasis, caused by the species Schistosoma haematobium, Schistosoma mansoni, and Schistosoma japonicum. Schistosomiasis in Indonesia is caused by Schistosoma japonicum which is spread in Asian countries, such as China, Japan, Philippines, Vietnam, Laos, Thailand, and Cambodia. Schistosomiasis eradication in Indonesia requires the collaboration of various sectors such as health workers, government, and society, especially in the COVID-19 pandemic, where access to the health system is limited. Based on the description above, Indonesia still has several problems related to NTDs control, especially in COVID-19 pandemic. The literature review in this article concludes that Indonesian government can strengthen efforts to control NTDs in various ways, including collaboration with the community for the discovery of new cases, introducing gadger-based applications for detecting and monitoring of patient progress. Increasing testing, tracing, and treatment for COVID-19 also needs to be done, so that the transmission of COVID-19 in the community can be minimized. If the transmission of COVID-19 can be minimized, then detection and control of NTDs can be optimized. Author : Shifa Fauziyah, Teguh Hari Sucipto, etc. Source : news.unair.ac.id Translator : Ausie{:}{:id}Pandemi Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) telah membawa dampak yang signifikan bagi tatanan sistem kesehatan di seluruh dunia. Sejak ditemukan di Wuhan, Provinsi Hubei, China pada tanggal 31 Desember 2019, COVID-19 telah menyebar ke 219 negara di dunia, dan menginfeksi sebanyak 126.890.643 orang dan menyebabkan kematian sebanyak 2.778.619 per tanggal 29 Maret 2021. Indonesia merupakan Negara dengan kasus tertinggi di kawasan Asia Tenggara, yaitu sebanyak 1.476.452

{:en}Sunday, 22 Maret 2021 The fourth day of an international workshop with the theme “Cell Culture” organized by Helicobacter pylori and Microbiota Study Group presents talented speakers from the younger generation. Although relatively young, the speakers already have experience in the field they deliver. The four speakers were: Phawinee Subsomwong, PhD., Assistant Professor of Department of Microbiology and Immunology Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan Astri Dewayani, MD., Department of Infectious Disease Control, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Japan Ricky Indra Alfaray, MD., Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Japan Kartika Afrida Fauzia, MD., Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Japan They are the young talented generation who should be role models, especially in the academic field. Three speakers in this workshop (dr Astri, dr Ricky, and dr Kartika) are members of Helicobacter pylori and Microbiota Study Group who are currently continuing their doctoral education (Ph.D.) at Oita University, Japan. Phawinee Subsomwong, Ph.D. who is the speaker today is also very enthusiastic to participate in all workshop series since the first day. The first material on “mRNA Evaluation of Cytokines – Gastric Mucosal Expression in H.pylori Infection by using real-time PCR” delivered by dr Ricky. Then continued the second material about “Biofilm Formation: What and How to Examine?” presented by dr Kartika. The third material was “Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) for Cells Morphology Characterization” delivered by dr. Astri. Then closes with the final material delivered by Phawinee Subsomwong, Ph.D. on “Cell Culture: Dos and Don’ts in The Laboratory”. No less enthusiastic than the previous days, the discussion session moderated by Dia Amalindah, S.Kep.Ns., was flooded with many questions. Alternately, the speakers convey their point of view and experience.{:}{:id}Senin, 22 Maret 2021 Internasional workshop hari ke empat dengan tema “Cell Culture” yang diselenggarakan oleh Helicobacter pylori and Microbiota Study Group menghadirkan pembicara bertalenta dari generasi muda. Meskipun relative masih muda, para pembicara telah memiliki pengalaman dalam bidang yang mereka sampaikan. Empat pembicara tersebut diantaranya: Phawinee Subsomwong, PhD., Assistant Professor of Department of Microbiology and Immunology Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan Astri Dewayani, MD., Department of Infectious Disease Control, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Japan Ricky Indra Alfaray, MD., Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Japan Kartika Afrida Fauzia, MD., Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Japan Mereka merupakan generasi muda yang patut dijadikan role model, khususnya dalam bidang akademik. Tiga pembicara dalam kegiatan ini yaitu dr Astri, dr Ricky, dan dr Kartika merupakan anggota Helicobacter pylori and Microbiota Study Group yang saat ini sedang melanjutkan pendidikan doktoral (PhD) di Universitas Oita, Japan. Phawinee Subsomwong, PhD yang menjadi pembicara saat ini juga begitu antusias mengikuti seluruh kegiatan sejak hari pertama. Materi pertama tentang “mRNA Evaluation of Cytokines – Gastric Mucosal Expression in H. pylori Infection by using real time PCR” disampaikan oleh dr Ricky. Kemudian dilanjutkan materi ke dua yaitu “Biofilm Formation: What and How to Examine?”dibawakan oleh dr Kartika. Materi ke tiga yaitu “Fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) for Cells Morphology Characterization” disampaikan oleh dr Astri. Kemudian ditutup dengan materi terakhir yang disampaikan oleh Phawinee Subsomwong, PhD tentang “Cell Culture: Dos and Don’ts in The Laboratory”. Tidak kalah antusiasnya dengan hari-hari sebelumnya, sesi diskusi yang dimoderatori oleh Dia Amalindah, S.Kep.Ns., dibanjiri banyak pertanyaan. Secara bergantian, para pembicara menyampaikan sudut pandang maupun pengalaman mereka.{:}

{:en} The third day of the international workshop was held on Sunday, March 21, 2021. The organizing committee was very proud because even though it was held on the weekend, the enthusiasm of participants did not decrease. On the third day, the theme is “Clinical Surveillance”. Three prominent speakers who were invited to share their knowledge on this occasion were: the first, Yudith Annisa Ayu, MD who presented material about CRC Staging in Clinical Practice. The second speaker was Prof. Yoshio Yamaoka, MD., Ph.D. who presented material about H.pylori Infection Surveillance Across Asia. The third speaker was Raissa Virgy Rianda, MD who delivered material on Collecting Data in a New Normal. The question and answer session hosted by Camilia M.A.Savitri, MD, and Isna Mahmudah, MD went interestingly. Many participants submitted their questions through the Q&A box. The speakers also expressed happiness over the enthusiasm of the participants delivered through chat. The speakers were happy to share their points of view and experience with the participants. The organizing committee also hopes that even though it is implemented online, the participants can get the maximum knowledge from the entire series of workshops. {:}{:id}Pelaksanaan internasional workshop hari ketiga pada hari Minggu, 21 Maret 2021 ini panitia sangat bangga karena meskipun dilaksanakan di akhir pekan ternyata antusiasme peserta tidak menurun. Pada hari ini, tema yang diusung adalah “Clinical Surveilance”. Tiga pembicara terkemuka yang diundang untuk berbagi ilmu pada kesempatan kali ini yaitu yang pertama Yudith Annisa Ayu, MD yang membawakan materi tentang CRC Staging in Clinical Practice. Pembicara kedua yaitu Prof. Yoshio Yamaoka, MD., PhD yang membawakan materi tentang H. pylori Infection Surveilance Across Asia. Pembicara ke tiga yaitu Raissa Virgy Rianda, MD yang menyampaikan materi tentang Collecting Data in a New Normal. Sesi tanya jawab yang dipandu oleh Camilia M. A. Savitri, MD dan Isna Mahmudah, MD berjalan dengan menarik. Banyak peserta yang menyampaikan pertanyaan maupun mendapat melalui kotak Q&A. Para pembicara juga menyampaikan rasa bahagia atas antusiasme peserta yang disampaikan melalui chat. Para pembicara dengan senang hati berbagi sudut pandang maupun pengalaman mereka kepada peserta. Panitia penyelenggara juga berharap meskipun dilaksanakan secara online, para peserta bisa mendapatkan ilmu yang maksimal dari seluruh rangkaian kegiatan yang dilaksanakan.{:}

{:en}On Saturday, 20 March 2021 H. pylori and Microbiota Study Group conducted the second-day online international workshop through the Zoom Cloud Meeting. The theme for today’s activity was Metagenomics. The second day of the workshop, which has been held since this morning, was attended by 145 domestic and foreign participants consisting of students, health practitioners, and researchers. On this occasion, the committee invited two distinguished and prominent speakers, they are Takashi Matsumoto, PhD. from  Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Japan and Langgeng Agung Waskito, MD, PhD., from Institute of Tropical Disease, Airlangga University, Indonesia. Today’s workshop session was guided by a member of H. pylori and  Microbiota Study Group, Ricky Indra Alfaray, MD as the moderator. Takashi Matsumoto, PhD. started the first session by presenting very interesting material about Gastric Microbiota: From Sampling to Obtain The Sequence. Then continued with the second material presented by Langgeng Agung Waskito, MD, PhD.  about Tools and Approaches for Analyzing Microbiome. Even though this workshop was carried out online, the two speakers presented the material in detail and showed demonstrations online. The participants were very enthusiastic in participating during the workshop’s discussion session.{:}{:id}Pada hari Sabtu, 20 Maret 2021 H. pylori dan Microbiota Study Group melaksanakan Internasional workshop hari ke dua secara online melalui Zoom Cloud Meeting. Tema yang diusung pada kegiatan hari ini yaitu Metagenomik. Workshop hari ke dua yang dilaksanakan sejak pagi ini dihadiri sebanyak 145 peserta dari dalam negeri dan luar negeri yang terdiri dari mahasiswa, praktisi kesehatan, maupun peneliti. Pada kesempatan kali ini, panitia mengundang dua pembicara yang terkenal dan terkemuka yaitu Takashi Matsumoto, PhD. dari Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Japan dan Langgeng Agung Waskito, MD, PhD., dari Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia. Sesi workshop hari ini dipandu oleh salah satu anggota dari H. pylori dan Microbiota Study Group yaitu Ricky Indra Alfaray, MD sebagai moderator. Takashi Matsumoto, PhD mengawali sesi pertama dengan memaparkan materi yang sangat menarik tentang Gastric Microbiota: From Sampling to Obtain The Sequence. Kemudian dilanjutkan materi kedua yang dipaparkan oleh Langgeng Agung Waskito, MD, PhD. yaitu mengenai Tools and Approaches for Analyzing Microbiome. Meskipun dilaksanakan secara online, kedua pembicara memaparkan materi dengan mendetail dan menunjukkan demonstrasi secara online.  Peserta workshop sangat antusias dalam mengikuti kegiatan ini, dilihat dari banyaknya peserta yang bertanya terkait pemaparan materi dari narasumber pada sesi diskusi. (Dia, red){:}

{:en}The Helicobacter pylori and Microbiota Study Group is committed to supporting researchers and students in fulfilling their research potential to achieve international standard publications. A concrete program that provide insight into international standard publications, collaborative workshops with world-class speakers is an exciting program. Currently, one of the activities being held is the International Workshop Series: Gastroenterology Research Opportunities in Antimicrobial Resistance, Metagenomics, Clinical Surveillance and Wet-Lab Experiment. The international workshop series will be held for five days starting from 19-23 March 2021 through online Zoom meetings and live on the H. pylori Study Group youtube channel. This workshop involved several experties speakers from six countries with various interesting and up to date topics. The speakers are: Dalla Doohan, MD, PhD., Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia Ludovic Vallier, MD, PhD., Professor of Wellcome MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK Muhammad Miftahussurur, MD., PhD., Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga Indonesia Yoshio Yamaoka, MD., PhD., Professor of Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Japan David Y. Graham, MD, PhD., Professor of Medicine-Gastroenterology Baylor College of Medicine Houston, TX US Langgeng Agung Waskito, MD, PhD., Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia Yudith Annisa Ayu Rezkitha, MD., Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia Ratha-korn Vilaichone, MD., PhD., FACG, AGAF., Professor of Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University Hospital, Pathumthani, Thailand Phawinee Subsomwong, PhD., Assistant Professor of Department of Microbiology and Immunology Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan Astri Dewayani, MD., Department of Infectious Disease Control, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Japan Wei-Chih Liao, MD., MSc., PhD., Associate Professor of National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan Firman Setiawan, MD., Infection Control Science, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan Takashi Matsumoto, PhD., Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Japan Raissa Virgy Rianda, MD., Siti Khodijah Hospital, Indonesia Ricky Indra Alfaray, MD., Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Japan Kartika Afrida Fauzia, MD., Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Japan At the opening ceremony, Prof. Maria Inge Lusida, MD, PhD as the Head of Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga said, “I do hope and believe that participants will get insight and benefits about the latest trends, up to date information, and the opportunity to develop gastroenterological research through this workshop”. Not only that, Dr. Langgeng Agung Waskito, MD, PhD as the head of the organizer in this workshop also expressed his pride for the high enthusiasm of all the participants. Participants in this workshop come from various backgrounds, included undergraduate students, master students, doctoral students, researchers, and health practitioners. The International Workshop carries different interesting themes each day. On the first day, the theme was Gastroenterology. The second day’s theme is Metagenomic. The third day’s theme is Clinical Surveillance. The fourth day’s theme is Cell Culture. Then on the last day there were two themes, the first is H. pylori Infection and the second is Infection and Cancer. The first day was opened with two honorable speakers, Dalla Doohan, MD, PhD who delivered material titled “Best practices for Polymorphism Study” and Prof. Ludovic Vallier, MD, PhD who delivered material titled “Pluripotent Stem Cells and Organoids to Study Liver Disease”. The committee recorded 121 participants who attended the first day of the workshop. The discussion was very interesting. The entire organizing committee hopes that this international workshop series can increase insight and provide benefits for many parties.{:}{:id} Helicobacter pylori and Microbiota Study Group berkomitmen untuk mendukung para peneliti dan mahasiswa dalam memenuhi potensi penelitiannya untuk mencapai publikasi berstandar internasional. Program konkret yang memberikan wawasan tentang publikasi berstandar internasional, workshop yang berkolaborasi dengan pembicara kelas dunia merupakan program yang dirancang. Saat ini, salah satu kegiatan yang sedang diselenggarakan adalah International Workshop Series: Gastroenterology Research Opportunities in Antimicrobial Resistance, Metagenomic, Clinical Surveillance and Wet-Lab Experiment. Kegiatan tersebut berlangsung selama lima hari mulai dari 19-23 Maret 2021 secara online melalui Zoom meetings dan ditayangkan live melalui channel youtube H. pylori Study Group. Kegiatan workshop ini melibatkan pembicara expert dari masing-masing bidangnya yang berasal dari enam negara dengan berbagai topik yang menarik dan up to date. Narasumber/pemateri dalam kegiatan ini antara lain : Dalla Doohan, MD, PhD., Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia Ludovic Vallier, MD, PhD., Professor of Wellcome MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK Muhammad Miftahussurur, MD., PhD., Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga Indonesia Yoshio Yamaoka, MD., PhD., Professor of Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Japan David Y. Graham, MD, PhD., Professor of Medicine-Gastroenterology Baylor College of Medicine Houston, TX US Langgeng Agung Waskito, MD, PhD., Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia Yudith Annisa Ayu Rezkitha, MD., Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia Ratha-korn Vilaichone, MD., PhD., FACG, AGAF., Professor of Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University Hospital, Pathumthani, Thailand Phawinee Subsomwong, PhD., Assistant Professor of Department of Microbiology and Immunology Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan Astri Dewayani, MD., Department of Infectious Disease Control, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Japan Wei-Chih Liao, MD., MSc., PhD., Associate Professor of National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan Firman Setiawan, MD., Infection Control Science, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan Takashi Matsumoto, PhD., Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Japan Raissa Virgy Rianda, MD., Siti Khodijah Hospital, Indonesia Ricky Indra Alfaray, MD., Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Japan Kartika Afrida Fauzia, MD., Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Japan   Pada acara pembukaan, Prof. Maria Inge Lusida, MD, PhD sebagai Kepala Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga menyampaikan, “Saya berharap dan yakin bahwa peserta akan mendapatkan wawasan dan manfaat tentang tren terbaru, informasi terkini, dan kesempatan untuk mengembangkan penelitian gastroenterologi melalui workshop ini”. Tidak hanya itu, dr Langgeng Agung Waskito, MD, PhD selaku ketua penyelenggara dalam kegiatan ini

{:en} Dengue fever (DHF) is a viral infectious disease transmitted by mosquitoes in subtropical and tropical areas. About 350 million cases are reported globally and more than 2.5 billion people are at high risk. Indonesia is a tropical country and home to the dengue virus vector mosquitoes (DENV), Aedes aegypti, and Aedes albopictus. This infection is caused by four DENV serotypes (DENV-1 to DENV-4) belonging to the Flaviviridae family. Until now, there is no effective antiviral for dengue disease. However, vaccination has now been tested in many endemic countries including Indonesia and has not yet produced a suitable solution. On the other hand, Indonesia is a large country in Southeast Asia and has the highest diversity of plants in the world. There are more than 5,000 medicinal plants available around us. Consequently, medicinal plants are used by residents to cure various diseases. Medicinal plants for antiviral compounds were found, such as Amaryllidaceae, Annonaceae, Euphorbiaceae, and many other plants. However, there is no effective antiviral or vaccine available for dengue. Currently, the use of traditional herbal medicine to treat various diseases is increasing globally. Medicinal plants are a potential source for the development of new antiviral drugs. Plants produce variants of chemical composition that have the potential to prevent viral replication and allow resources to control viral infections. Plants have been described as having antiviral activity in humans and animals. In addition, members of the family Annonaceae, Zingiberaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Fabaceae, Myrtaceae, Caricaceae, Meliaceae, Poaceae, Acanthaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Halymeniaceae, Piperaceae, and many other families have been reported as antiviral against dengue. Srikaya leaves contain several active ingredients such as phytosterols, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, glycosides, phenolic compounds, and tannins which have therapeutic properties such as anticancer, antioxidant, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and antimelanogenic. However, there are no reports of srikaya leaves having antiviral effects against DENV. Therefore, our research aims to investigate the effectiveness of srikaya leaves against DENV-2 isolated from Surabaya, Indonesia in 2013. Interestingly, in our study using the DENV-2 isolate (NCBI: KT012513), it was obtained from a previous study conducted by the Dengue team of the Institute of Tropical Diseases, Airlangga University. Furthermore, DENV-2 has a higher disease severity ratio than other serotypes (DENV-1, DENV-3, and DENV-4) in Brazil. Recently, secondary infection with DENV-2, DENV-3, and DENV-4 increases the risk of severe dengue infection in Southeast Asia. A study also states that in vitro proliferation of DENV-2 has been standardized. In addition, we made molecular phylogenetic modeling and tree visualization by applying Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis X (MEGA X) software to the maximum likelihood method based on the envelope glycoprotein genes from Indonesia and other countries. Phylogenetic trees were validated by analyzing the Tamura-Nei model. We found that srikaya leaves inhibited DENV-2 in Vero cells with IC50: 73.78 μg / mL, CC50: 331.54 μg / mL, and SI: 4.49. Furthermore, we tested srikaya leaves at various concentrations and we observed that low srikaya leaves showed a cytotoxic effect at all concentrations evaluated (viability> 50%). In this study, various extract concentrations were used, namely 200, 100, 50, 25, 12.5, and 6.25 μg / mL. srikaya leaves showed decreased DENV-2 replication, at the lowest concentration (6.25 µg / mL) showed anti-DENV-2 activity. Our findings suggest that srikaya leaves exhibit consequential antiviral action against DENV-2 in Vero cells. In addition, this study suggests that the main antiviral activity of srikaya leaves is possible as a result of its action on the intracellular virus replication stage replacing the initial stages of its replication sequence such as virus entry. Nevertheless, a complete framework of activity must be found for anti-DENV treatment. Further investigations may apply a suitable model, for example cultured human cells. Previously, it was revealed that the cytotoxic effect of srikaya leaf chitosan-based nanoparticles against cervical cancer cells (HeLa) with an IC50 value of 344.48 μg / mL. Although there have been many studies on the biological effects of srikaya leaves, only two reports have shown an antiviral effect against HIV and avian influenza viruses. The extract inhibition mechanism is carried out by disrupting adherence and reducing viral replication. These flavonoids are thought to have a mechanism to interfere with viral replication by inhibiting an enzyme in the virus which results in the synthesis of viral RNA blockade. This research helps form new antiviral discoveries from bioactive compositions which are indispensable to produce antiviral drugs with better efficacy and non-toxicity. Authors: Teguh Hari Sucipto, Arif Nur Muhammad Ansori, et al. Source: news.unair.ac.id   {:}{:id}Penyakit demam berdarah (DBD) adalah penyakit infeksi virus yang ditularkan melalui nyamuk di daerah subtropis dan tropis. Sekitar 350 juta kasus dilaporkan secara global dan lebih dari 2,5 miliar orang berisiko tinggi. Indonesia merupakan negara tropis dan rumah bagi nyamuk vektor jenis virus dengue (DENV), Aedes aegypti, dan Aedes albopictus. Infeksi ini disebabkan oleh empat serotipe DENV (DENV-1 hingga DENV-4) yang termasuk dalam famili Flaviviridae. Sampai saat ini, belum ada antivirus yang efektif untuk penyakit dengue. Namun, vaksinasi kini telah diujicobakan di banyak negara endemik termasuk Indonesia dan masih belum menghasilkan sebuah solusi yang tepat. Di sisi lain, Indonesia merupakan negara besar di Asia Tenggara dan memiliki keanekaragaman tumbuhan yang tinggi di dunia. Ada lebih dari 5.000 tanaman obat yang tersedia di sekitar kita. Konsekuensinya, tanaman obat dimanfaatkan oleh penduduknya dalam menyembuhkan berbagai penyakit. Ditemukan tanaman obat untuk senyawa antivirus, seperti Amaryllidaceae, Annonaceae, Euphorbiaceae, dan banyak tanaman lainnya. Namun, tidak ada antivirus atau vaksin yang efektif tersedia untuk penyakit DBD. Saat ini, penggunaan jamu tradisional untuk mengatasi berbagai penyakit semakin meningkat secara global. Tanaman obat merupakan sumber potensial untuk pengembangan obat antivirus baru. Tanaman menghasilkan varian komposisi kimia yang berpotensi mencegah replikasi virus dan sumber daya yang memungkinkan untuk mengendalikan infeksi virus. Tumbuhan telah dijelaskan memiliki aktivitas antivirus pada manusia dan hewan. Selain itu, anggota famili Annonaceae, Zingiberaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Fabaceae, Myrtaceae, Caricaceae, Meliaceae, Poaceae, Acanthaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Halymeniaceae, Piperaceae, dan banyak famili lainnya telah dilaporkan sebagai antivirus dengue. Daun srikaya mengandung beberapa bahan aktif seperti fitosterol, flavonoid, alkaloid, saponin, glikosida, senyawa fenolik, dan tanin yang memiliki sifat terapeutik seperti antikanker, antioksidan, antidiabetes, antimikroba, antivirus,

{:en} Monday, March 8, 2021, the Institute of Tropical Disease held a handover of the position of head of the Tropical Diease Diagnostic Center service. This event was attended by several leaders of the Institute of Tropical Disease Like Prof. MARIA LUCIA INGE LUSIDA dr., M.Kes., Ph.D., SpMK , Prof. Dr. FEDIK ABDUL RANTAM drh. and representatives of the Tropical Diease Diagnostic Center (TDDC). The handover was carried out by dr. Naritha Vermasari., Sp.MK., to dr. Alicia Margareta Widya., MkedKlin, Sp. Mk. {:}{:id}senin, 8 maret 2021, Lembaga penyakit Tropis mengadakan serah terima jabatan ketua pelayanan Tropical Diease Diagnostic Center. Acara ini dihadiri oleh beberapa pimpinan Lembaga Penyakit Tropis seperti Prof. MARIA LUCIA INGE LUSIDA dr., M.Kes., Ph.D., SpMK , Prof. Dr. FEDIK ABDUL RANTAM drh. dan perwakilan Tropical Diease Diagnostic Center (TDDC). Penyerahan dilakukan oleh dr. Naritha Vermasari., Sp.MK., kepada dr. Alicia Margareta Widya., MkedKlin, Sp. Mk.{:}